Peter 音标拼音: [p'itɚ]
v . 逐渐枯竭
n . 彼得
逐渐枯竭彼得
Peter n 1 :
disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles ;
regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope [
synonym : {
Peter }, {
Simon Peter }, {
Saint Peter }, {
St .
Peter },
{
Saint Peter the Apostle }, {
St .
Peter the Apostle }]
2 :
obscene terms for penis [
synonym : {
cock }, {
prick }, {
dick },
{
shaft }, {
pecker }, {
peter }, {
tool }, {
putz }]
Peter \
Pe "
ter \ (
p [=
e ]"
t [~
e ]
r ),
prop .
n .
A common baptismal name for a man .
The name of one of the twelve apostles of Christ .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Peter boat },
a fishing boat ,
sharp at both ends ,
originally of the Baltic Sea ,
but now common in certain English rivers .
{
Peter Funk },
the auctioneer in a mock auction . [
Cant ,
U .
S .]
{
Peter pence },
or {
Peter '
s pence }.
(
a )
An annual tax or tribute ,
formerly paid by the English people to the pope ,
being a penny for every house ,
payable on Lammas or St .
Peter '
s day ; --
called also {
Rome scot },
and {
hearth money }.
(
b )
In modern times ,
a voluntary contribution made by Roman Catholics to the private purse of the pope .
{
Peter '
s fish } (
Zool .),
a haddock ; --
so called because the black spots ,
one on each side ,
behind the gills ,
are traditionally said to have been caused by the fingers of St .
Peter ,
when he caught the fish to pay the tribute .
The name is applied ,
also ,
to other fishes having similar spots .
[
1913 Webster ]
Peter \
Pet "
er \ (
p [=
e ]"
t [~
e ]
r ),
v .
i . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Petered }
(
p [=
e ]"
t [~
e ]
rd );
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Petering }.] [
Etymol .
uncertain .]
To become depleted ;
to run out ;
to fail ; --
used generally with out ;
as ,
that mine has petered out . [
Slang ,
U .
S .]
[
1913 Webster ]
Peter originally called Simon (=
Simeon ,
i .
e ., "
hearing "),
a very common Jewish name in the New Testament .
He was the son of Jona (
Matt .
16 :
17 ).
His mother is nowhere named in Scripture .
He had a younger brother called Andrew ,
who first brought him to Jesus (
John 1 :
40 -
42 ).
His native town was Bethsaida ,
on the western coast of the Sea of Galilee ,
to which also Philip belonged .
Here he was brought up by the shores of the Sea of Galilee ,
and was trained to the occupation of a fisher .
His father had probably died while he was still young ,
and he and his brother were brought up under the care of Zebedee and his wife Salome (
Matt .
27 :
56 ;
Mark 15 :
40 ;
16 :
1 ).
There the four youths ,
Simon ,
Andrew ,
James ,
and John ,
spent their boyhood and early manhood in constant fellowship .
Simon and his brother doubtless enjoyed all the advantages of a religious training ,
and were early instructed in an acquaintance with the Scriptures and with the great prophecies regarding the coming of the Messiah .
They did not probably enjoy ,
however ,
any special training in the study of the law under any of the rabbis .
When Peter appeared before the Sanhedrin ,
he looked like an "
unlearned man " (
Acts 4 :
13 ).
"
Simon was a Galilean ,
and he was that out and out ...
The Galileans had a marked character of their own .
They had a reputation for an independence and energy which often ran out into turbulence .
They were at the same time of a franker and more transparent disposition than their brethren in the south .
In all these respects ,
in bluntness ,
impetuosity ,
headiness ,
and simplicity ,
Simon was a genuine Galilean .
They spoke a peculiar dialect .
They had a difficulty with the guttural sounds and some others ,
and their pronunciation was reckoned harsh in Judea .
The Galilean accent stuck to Simon all through his career .
It betrayed him as a follower of Christ when he stood within the judgment -
hall (
Mark 14 :
70 ).
It betrayed his own nationality and that of those conjoined with him on the day of Pentecost (
Acts 2 :
7 )."
It would seem that Simon was married before he became an apostle .
His wife '
s mother is referred to (
Matt .
8 :
14 ;
Mark 1 :
30 ;
Luke 4 :
38 ).
He was in all probability accompanied by his wife on his missionary journeys (
1 Cor .
9 :
5 ;
comp .
1 Pet .
5 :
13 ).
He appears to have been settled at Capernaum when Christ entered on his public ministry ,
and may have reached beyond the age of thirty .
His house was large enough to give a home to his brother Andrew ,
his wife '
s mother ,
and also to Christ ,
who seems to have lived with him (
Mark 1 :
29 ,
36 ;
2 :
1 ),
as well as to his own family .
It was apparently two stories high (
2 :
4 ).
At Bethabara (
R .
V .,
John 1 :
28 , "
Bethany "),
beyond Jordan ,
John the Baptist had borne testimony concerning Jesus as the "
Lamb of God " (
John 1 :
29 -
36 ).
Andrew and John hearing it ,
followed Jesus ,
and abode with him where he was .
They were convinced ,
by his gracious words and by the authority with which he spoke ,
that he was the Messiah (
Luke 4 :
22 ;
Matt .
7 :
29 );
and Andrew went forth and found Simon and brought him to Jesus (
John 1 :
41 ).
Jesus at once recognized Simon ,
and declared that hereafter he would be called Cephas ,
an Aramaic name corresponding to the Greek Petros ,
which means "
a mass of rock detached from the living rock ."
The Aramaic name does not occur again ,
but the name Peter gradually displaces the old name Simon ,
though our Lord himself always uses the name Simon when addressing him (
Matt .
17 :
25 ;
Mark 14 :
37 ;
Luke 22 :
31 ,
comp .
21 :
15 -
17 ).
We are not told what impression the first interview with Jesus produced on the mind of Simon .
When we next meet him it is by the Sea of Galilee (
Matt .
4 :
18 -
22 ).
There the four (
Simon and Andrew ,
James and John )
had had an unsuccessful night '
s fishing .
Jesus appeared suddenly ,
and entering into Simon '
s boat ,
bade him launch forth and let down the nets .
He did so ,
and enclosed a great multitude of fishes .
This was plainly a miracle wrought before Simon '
s eyes .
The awe -
stricken disciple cast himself at the feet of Jesus ,
crying , "
Depart from me ;
for I am a sinful man ,
O Lord " (
Luke 5 :
8 ).
Jesus addressed him with the assuring words , "
Fear not ,"
and announced to him his life '
s work .
Simon responded at once to the call to become a disciple ,
and after this we find him in constant attendance on our Lord .
He is next called into the rank of the apostleship ,
and becomes a "
fisher of men " (
Matt .
4 :
19 )
in the stormy seas of the world of human life (
Matt .
10 :
2 -
4 ;
Mark 3 :
13 -
19 ;
Luke 6 :
13 -
16 ),
and takes a more and more prominent part in all the leading events of our Lord '
s life .
It is he who utters that notable profession of faith at Capernaum (
John 6 :
66 -
69 ),
and again at Caesarea Philippi (
Matt .
16 :
13 -
20 ;
Mark 8 :
27 -
30 ;
Luke 9 :
18 -
20 ).
This profession at Caesarea was one of supreme importance ,
and our Lord in response used these memorable words : "
Thou art Peter ,
and upon this rock I will build my church ."
"
From that time forth "
Jesus began to speak of his sufferings .
For this Peter rebuked him .
But our Lord in return rebuked Peter ,
speaking to him in sterner words than he ever used to any other of his disciples (
Matt .
16 :
21 -
23 ;
Mark 8 :
31 -
33 ).
At the close of his brief sojourn at Caesarea our Lord took Peter and James and John with him into "
an high mountain apart ,"
and was transfigured before them .
Peter on that occasion ,
under the impression the scene produced on his mind ,
exclaimed , "
Lord ,
it is good for us to be here :
let us make three tabernacles " (
Matt .
17 :
1 -
9 ).
On his return to Capernaum the collectors of the temple tax (
a didrachma ,
half a sacred shekel ),
which every Israelite of twenty years old and upwards had to pay (
Ex .
30 :
15 ),
came to Peter and reminded him that Jesus had not paid it (
Matt .
17 :
24 -
27 ).
Our Lord instructed Peter to go and catch a fish in the lake and take from its mouth the exact amount needed for the tax ,
viz .,
a stater ,
or two half -
shekels . "
That take ,"
said our Lord , "
and give unto them for me and thee ."
As the end was drawing nigh ,
our Lord sent Peter and John (
Luke 22 :
7 -
13 )
into the city to prepare a place where he should keep the feast with his disciples .
There he was forewarned of the fearful sin into which he afterwards fell (
22 :
31 -
34 ).
He accompanied our Lord from the guest -
chamber to the garden of Gethsemane (
Luke 22 :
39 -
46 ),
which he and the other two who had been witnesses of the transfiguration were permitted to enter with our Lord ,
while the rest were left without .
Here he passed through a strange experience .
Under a sudden impulse he cut off the ear of Malchus (
47 -
51 ),
one of the band that had come forth to take Jesus .
Then follow the scenes of the judgment -
hall (
54 -
61 )
and his bitter grief (
62 ).
He is found in John '
s company early on the morning of the resurrection .
He boldly entered into the empty grave (
John 20 :
1 -
10 ),
and saw the "
linen clothes laid by themselves " (
Luke 24 :
9 -
12 ).
To him ,
the first of the apostles ,
our risen Lord revealed himself ,
thus conferring on him a signal honour ,
and showing how fully he was restored to his favour (
Luke 24 :
34 ;
1 Cor .
15 :
5 ).
We next read of our Lord '
s singular interview with Peter on the shores of the Sea of Galilee ,
where he thrice asked him , "
Simon ,
son of Jonas ,
lovest thou me ?" (
John 21 :
1 -
19 ). (
See {
LOVE }.)
After this scene at the lake we hear nothing of Peter till he again appears with the others at the ascension (
Acts 1 :
15 -
26 ).
It was he who proposed that the vacancy caused by the apostasy of Judas should be filled up .
He is prominent on the day of Pentecost (
2 :
14 -
40 ).
The events of that day "
completed the change in Peter himself which the painful discipline of his fall and all the lengthened process of previous training had been slowly making .
He is now no more the unreliable ,
changeful ,
self -
confident man ,
ever swaying between rash courage and weak timidity ,
but the stead -
fast ,
trusted guide and director of the fellowship of believers ,
the intrepid preacher of Christ in Jerusalem and abroad .
And now that he is become Cephas indeed ,
we hear almost nothing of the name Simon (
only in Acts 10 :
5 ,
32 ;
15 :
14 ),
and he is known to us finally as Peter ."
After the miracle at the temple gate (
Acts 3 )
persecution arose against the Christians ,
and Peter was cast into prison .
He boldly defended himself and his companions at the bar of the council (
4 :
19 ,
20 ).
A fresh outburst of violence against the Christians (
5 :
17 -
21 )
led to the whole body of the apostles being cast into prison ;
but during the night they were wonderfully delivered ,
and were found in the morning teaching in the temple .
A second time Peter defended them before the council (
Acts 5 :
29 -
32 ),
who , "
when they had called the apostles and beaten them ,
let them go ."
The time had come for Peter to leave Jerusalem .
After labouring for some time in Samaria ,
he returned to Jerusalem ,
and reported to the church there the results of his work (
Acts 8 :
14 -
25 ).
Here he remained for a period ,
during which he met Paul for the first time since his conversion (
9 :
26 -
30 ;
Gal .
1 :
18 ).
Leaving Jerusalem again ,
he went forth on a missionary journey to Lydda and Joppa (
Acts 9 :
32 -
43 ).
He is next called on to open the door of the Christian church to the Gentiles by the admission of Cornelius of Caesarea (
ch .
10 ).
After remaining for some time at Caesarea ,
he returned to Jerusalem (
Acts 11 :
1 -
18 ),
where he defended his conduct with reference to the Gentiles .
Next we hear of his being cast into prison by Herod Agrippa (
12 :
1 -
19 );
but in the night an angel of the Lord opened the prison gates ,
and he went forth and found refuge in the house of Mary .
He took part in the deliberations of the council in Jerusalem (
Acts 15 :
1 -
31 ;
Gal .
2 :
1 -
10 )
regarding the relation of the Gentiles to the church .
This subject had awakened new interest at Antioch ,
and for its settlement was referred to the council of the apostles and elders at Jerusalem .
Here Paul and Peter met again .
We have no further mention of Peter in the Acts of the Apostles .
He seems to have gone down to Antioch after the council at Jerusalem ,
and there to have been guilty of dissembling ,
for which he was severely reprimanded by Paul (
Gal .
2 :
11 -
16 ),
who "
rebuked him to his face ."
After this he appears to have carried the gospel to the east ,
and to have laboured for a while at Babylon ,
on the Euphrates (
1 Pet .
5 :
13 ).
There is no satisfactory evidence that he was ever at Rome .
Where or when he died is not certainly known .
Probably he died between A .
D .
64 and 67 .
安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!
中文字典英文字典工具:
复制到剪贴板
英文字典中文字典相关资料: