英文字典中文字典51ZiDian.com

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Point \Point\, n. [F. point, and probably also pointe, L.
punctum, puncta, fr. pungere, punctum, to prick. See
{Pungent}, and cf. {Puncto}, {Puncture}.]
1. That which pricks or pierces; the sharp end of anything,
esp. the sharp end of a piercing instrument, as a needle
or a pin.
[1913 Webster]

2. An instrument which pricks or pierces, as a sort of needle
used by engravers, etchers, lace workers, and others;
also, a pointed cutting tool, as a stone cutter's point;
-- called also {pointer}.
[1913 Webster]

3. Anything which tapers to a sharp, well-defined
termination. Specifically: A small promontory or cape; a
tract of land extending into the water beyond the common
shore line.
[1913 Webster]

4. The mark made by the end of a sharp, piercing instrument,
as a needle; a prick.
[1913 Webster]

5. An indefinitely small space; a mere spot indicated or
supposed. Specifically: (Geom.) That which has neither
parts nor magnitude; that which has position, but has
neither length, breadth, nor thickness, -- sometimes
conceived of as the limit of a line; that by the motion of
which a line is conceived to be produced.
[1913 Webster]

6. An indivisible portion of time; a moment; an instant;
hence, the verge.
[1913 Webster]

When time's first point begun
Made he all souls. --Sir J.
Davies.
[1913 Webster]

7. A mark of punctuation; a character used to mark the
divisions of a composition, or the pauses to be observed
in reading, or to point off groups of figures, etc.; a
stop, as a comma, a semicolon, and esp. a period; hence,
figuratively, an end, or conclusion.
[1913 Webster]

And there a point, for ended is my tale. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

Commas and points they set exactly right. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]

8. Whatever serves to mark progress, rank, or relative
position, or to indicate a transition from one state or
position to another, degree; step; stage; hence, position
or condition attained; as, a point of elevation, or of
depression; the stock fell off five points; he won by
tenpoints. "A point of precedence." --Selden. "Creeping on
from point to point." --Tennyson.
[1913 Webster]

A lord full fat and in good point. --Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

9. That which arrests attention, or indicates qualities or
character; a salient feature; a characteristic; a
peculiarity; hence, a particular; an item; a detail; as,
the good or bad points of a man, a horse, a book, a story,
etc.
[1913 Webster]

He told him, point for point, in short and plain.
--Chaucer.
[1913 Webster]

In point of religion and in point of honor. --Bacon.
[1913 Webster]

Shalt thou dispute
With Him the points of liberty ? --Milton.
[1913 Webster]

10. Hence, the most prominent or important feature, as of an
argument, discourse, etc.; the essential matter; esp.,
the proposition to be established; as, the point of an
anecdote. "Here lies the point." --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

They will hardly prove his point. --Arbuthnot.
[1913 Webster]

11. A small matter; a trifle; a least consideration; a
punctilio.
[1913 Webster]

This fellow doth not stand upon points. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

[He] cared not for God or man a point. --Spenser.
[1913 Webster]

12. (Mus.) A dot or mark used to designate certain tones or
time; as:
(a) (Anc. Mus.) A dot or mark distinguishing or
characterizing certain tones or styles; as, points of
perfection, of augmentation, etc.; hence, a note; a
tune. "Sound the trumpet -- not a levant, or a
flourish, but a point of war." --Sir W. Scott.
(b) (Mod. Mus.) A dot placed at the right hand of a note,
to raise its value, or prolong its time, by one half,
as to make a whole note equal to three half notes, a
half note equal to three quarter notes.
[1913 Webster]

13. (Astron.) A fixed conventional place for reference, or
zero of reckoning, in the heavens, usually the
intersection of two or more great circles of the sphere,
and named specifically in each case according to the
position intended; as, the equinoctial points; the
solstitial points; the nodal points; vertical points,
etc. See {Equinoctial Nodal}.
[1913 Webster]

14. (Her.) One of the several different parts of the
escutcheon. See {Escutcheon}.
[1913 Webster]

15. (Naut.)
(a) One of the points of the compass (see {Points of the
compass}, below); also, the difference between two
points of the compass; as, to fall off a point.
(b) A short piece of cordage used in reefing sails. See
{Reef point}, under {Reef}.
[1913 Webster]

16. (Anc. Costume) A a string or lace used to tie together
certain parts of the dress. --Sir W. Scott.
[1913 Webster]

17. Lace wrought the needle; as, point de Venise; Brussels
point. See Point lace, below.
[1913 Webster]

18. pl. (Railways) A switch. [Eng.]
[1913 Webster]

19. An item of private information; a hint; a tip; a pointer.
[Cant, U. S.]
[1913 Webster]

20. (Cricket) A fielder who is stationed on the off side,
about twelve or fifteen yards from, and a little in
advance of, the batsman.
[1913 Webster]

21. The attitude assumed by a pointer dog when he finds game;
as, the dog came to a point. See {Pointer}.
[1913 Webster]

22. (Type Making) A standard unit of measure for the size of
type bodies, being one twelfth of the thickness of pica
type. See {Point system of type}, under {Type}.
[1913 Webster]

23. A tyne or snag of an antler.
[1913 Webster]

24. One of the spaces on a backgammon board.
[1913 Webster]

25. (Fencing) A movement executed with the saber or foil; as,
tierce point.
[1913 Webster]

26. (Med.) A pointed piece of quill or bone covered at one
end with vaccine matter; -- called also {vaccine point}.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

27. One of the raised dots used in certain systems of
printing and writing for the blind. The first practical
system was that devised by Louis Braille in 1829, and
still used in Europe (see {Braille}). Two modifications
of this are current in the United States:

{New York point} founded on three bases of equidistant points
arranged in two lines (viz., : :: :::), and a later
improvement,

{American Braille}, embodying the Braille base (:::) and the
New-York-point principle of using the characters of few
points for the commonest letters.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

28. In technical senses:
(a) In various games, a position of a certain player, or,
by extension, the player himself; as: (1) (Lacrosse &
Ice Hockey) The position of the player of each side
who stands a short distance in front of the goal
keeper; also, the player himself. (2) (Baseball)
(pl.) The position of the pitcher and catcher.
(b) (Hunting) A spot to which a straight run is made;
hence, a straight run from point to point; a
cross-country run. [Colloq. Oxf. E. D.]
(c) (Falconry) The perpendicular rising of a hawk over
the place where its prey has gone into cover.
(d) Act of pointing, as of the foot downward in certain
dance positions.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

Note: The word point is a general term, much used in the
sciences, particularly in mathematics, mechanics,
perspective, and physics, but generally either in the
geometrical sense, or in that of degree, or condition
of change, and with some accompanying descriptive or
qualifying term, under which, in the vocabulary, the
specific uses are explained; as, boiling point, carbon
point, dry point, freezing point, melting point,
vanishing point, etc.
[1913 Webster]

{At all points}, in every particular, completely; perfectly.
--Shak.

{At point}, {In point}, {At the point}, {In the point}, or
{On the point}, as near as can be; on the verge; about (see
{About}, prep., 6); as, at the point of death; he was on
the point of speaking. "In point to fall down." --Chaucer.
"Caius Sidius Geta, at point to have been taken, recovered
himself so valiantly as brought day on his side."
--Milton.

{Dead point}. (Mach.) Same as {Dead center}, under {Dead}.

{Far point} (Med.), in ophthalmology, the farthest point at
which objects are seen distinctly. In normal eyes the
nearest point at which objects are seen distinctly; either
with the two eyes together (binocular near point), or with
each eye separately (monocular near point).

{Nine points of the law}, all but the tenth point; the
greater weight of authority.

{On the point}. See {At point}, above.

{Point lace}, lace wrought with the needle, as distinguished
from that made on the pillow.

{Point net}, a machine-made lace imitating a kind of Brussels
lace (Brussels ground).

{Point of concurrence} (Geom.), a point common to two lines,
but not a point of tangency or of intersection, as, for
instance, that in which a cycloid meets its base.

{Point of contrary flexure}, a point at which a curve changes
its direction of curvature, or at which its convexity and
concavity change sides.

{Point of order}, in parliamentary practice, a question of
order or propriety under the rules.

{Point of sight} (Persp.), in a perspective drawing, the
point assumed as that occupied by the eye of the
spectator.

{Point of view}, the relative position from which anything is
seen or any subject is considered.

{Points of the compass} (Naut.), the thirty-two points of
division of the compass card in the mariner's compass; the
corresponding points by which the circle of the horizon is
supposed to be divided, of which the four marking the
directions of east, west, north, and south, are called
cardinal points, and the rest are named from their
respective directions, as N. by E., N. N. E., N. E. by N.,
N. E., etc. See Illust. under {Compass}.

{Point paper}, paper pricked through so as to form a stencil
for transferring a design.

{Point system of type}. See under {Type}.

{Singular point} (Geom.), a point of a curve which possesses
some property not possessed by points in general on the
curve, as a cusp, a point of inflection, a node, etc.

{To carry one's point}, to accomplish one's object, as in a
controversy.

{To make a point of}, to attach special importance to.

{To make a point}, or {To gain a point}, accomplish that
which was proposed; also, to make advance by a step,
grade, or position.

{To mark a point}, or {To score a point}, as in billiards,
cricket, etc., to note down, or to make, a successful hit,
run, etc.

{To strain a point}, to go beyond the proper limit or rule;
to stretch one's authority or conscience.

{Vowel point}, in Arabic, Hebrew, and certain other Eastern
and ancient languages, a mark placed above or below the
consonant, or attached to it, representing the vowel, or
vocal sound, which precedes or follows the consonant.
[1913 Webster]


Pointer \Point"er\, n.
One who, or that which, points. Specifically:
(a) The hand of a timepiece.
(b) (Zool.) One of a breed of dogs trained to stop at scent
of game, and with the nose point it out to sportsmen.
(c) pl. (Astron.) The two stars (Merak and Dubhe) in the
Great Bear, the line between which points nearly in the
direction of the north star. See Illust. of {Ursa Major}.
(b) pl. (Naut.) Diagonal braces sometimes fixed across the
hold.
[1913 Webster]


Dog \Dog\ (d[add]g or d[o^]g), n. [AS. docga; akin to D. dog
mastiff, Dan. dogge, Sw. dogg.]
1. (Zool.) A quadruped of the genus {Canis}, esp. the
domestic dog ({Canis familiaris}).

Note: The dog is distinguished above all others of the
inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and
attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred
varieties, as the {akita}, {beagle}, {bloodhound},
{bulldog}, {coachdog}, {collie}, {Danish dog},
{foxhound}, {greyhound}, {mastiff}, {pointer},
{poodle}, {St. Bernard}, {setter}, {spaniel}, {spitz},
{terrier}, {German shepherd}, {pit bull}, {Chihuahua},
etc. There are also many mixed breeds, and partially
domesticated varieties, as well as wild dogs, like the
dingo and dhole. (See these names in the Vocabulary.)
[1913 Webster PJC]

2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch.
[1913 Webster]

What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he
should do this great thing? -- 2 Kings
viii. 13 (Rev.
Ver. )
[1913 Webster]

3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously; as, a sly
dog; a lazy dog. [Colloq.]
[1913 Webster]

4. (Astron.) One of the two constellations, Canis Major and
Canis Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis
Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).
[1913 Webster]

5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a firedog; an
andiron.
[1913 Webster]

6. (Mech.)
(a) A grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening
into wood or other heavy articles, for the purpose of
raising or moving them.
(b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw pit, or on
the carriage of a sawmill.
(c) A piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch;
especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an
adjustable stop to change motion, as in a machine
tool.
[1913 Webster]

7. an ugly or crude person, especially an ugly woman. [slang]
[PJC]

8. a {hot dog}. [slang]
[PJC]

Note: Dog is used adjectively or in composition, commonly in
the sense of relating to, or characteristic of, a dog.
It is also used to denote a male; as, dog fox or g-fox,
a male fox; dog otter or dog-otter, dog wolf, etc.; --
also to denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as,
dog Latin.
[1913 Webster]

{A dead dog}, a thing of no use or value. --1 Sam. xxiv. 14.

{A dog in the manger}, an ugly-natured person who prevents
others from enjoying what would be an advantage to them
but is none to him.

{Dog ape} (Zool.), a male ape.

{Dog cabbage}, or {Dog's cabbage} (Bot.), a succulent herb,
native to the Mediterranean region ({Thelygonum
Cynocrambe}).

{Dog cheap}, very cheap. See under {Cheap}.

{Dog ear} (Arch.), an acroterium. [Colloq.]

{Dog flea} (Zool.), a species of flea ({Pulex canis}) which
infests dogs and cats, and is often troublesome to man. In
America it is the common flea. See {Flea}, and
{Aphaniptera}.

{Dog grass} (Bot.), a grass ({Triticum caninum}) of the same
genus as wheat.

{Dog Latin}, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of pharmacy.


{Dog lichen} (Bot.), a kind of lichen ({Peltigera canina})
growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, -- a lobed
expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous
veins beneath.

{Dog louse} (Zool.), a louse that infests the dog, esp.
{H[ae]matopinus piliferus}; another species is
{Trichodectes latus}.

{Dog power}, a machine operated by the weight of a dog
traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for
churning.

{Dog salmon} (Zool.), a salmon of northwest America and
northern Asia; -- the {gorbuscha}; -- called also {holia},
and {hone}.

{Dog shark}. (Zool.) See {Dogfish}.

{Dog's meat}, meat fit only for dogs; refuse; offal.

{Dog Star}. See in the Vocabulary.

{Dog wheat} (Bot.), Dog grass.

{Dog whelk} (Zool.), any species of univalve shells of the
family {Nassid[ae]}, esp. the {Nassa reticulata} of
England.

{To give to the dogs}, or {To throw to the dogs}, to throw
away as useless. "Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of
it." --Shak.

{To go to the dogs}, to go to ruin; to be ruined.
[1913 Webster]