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refractivity    

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  • Refractivity - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
    Refractivity is defined as the macroscopic response of a system of charged particles to an externally applied electric field, where a positive refractivity implies a polarization parallel to the field, while a negative refractivity indicates an antiparallel polarization observed in certain materials at specific frequencies
  • Refractivity - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
    The fractional differences in refractivity between observations and model simulations are mostly less than 1% Both the refractivity observations and the fractional differences in refractivity between observations and model simulations below 8 km are the largest for RO1 located within deep convection and the smallest for RO3 located in clear skies
  • Refractivity - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
    Refractivity of gases has been reviewed and discussed on numerous occasions, and the issues relevant to shock wave experiments are well covered in the following citations A general and very detailed — if rather old — review that fully presents the theory is to be found in Partington's treatise (1953)
  • Molecular Refractivity and Polarizability - ScienceDirect
    This chapter discusses molecular refractivity and polarizability Refractive indices (n) of pure substances are more accurately measurable than any other optical properties The refractive index of a substance varies with its physical state, temperature t, and wave-length λ of the light by which n is observed
  • Estimation of radio refractivity from satellite-derived meteorological . . .
    This variation in radio refractivity is replicated across other pressure levels but at 200 hPa, that is, about 12 14 km above mean sea level, where the radio refractivity ranges between 71 37 and 71 14 N-units with a range of 0 23 N-units, the radio refractivity was found to be slightly higher east of the prime meridian than to the west of the
  • Deep learning for solving inversion problem of atmospheric refractivity . . .
    The direct measurement of the atmospheric refractivity profile parameters using equipment is costly and difficult In 1997, the US Air Sea Combat System Center proposed a method called refractivity from clutter (RFC) (Krolik Tabrikian, 1997); it can estimate the refractivity profile of the atmosphere from radar sea clutter The RFC method
  • Quantitative analyses of complexity and nonlinear trend of radio . . .
    Recently, comparative study has been carrried-out extensively on the chaotic status of hourly wind speed data using RP and RQA (Adeniji et al , 2018), complex dynamics of low-latitude ionosphere over Nigeria (Ogunsua et al , 2014) atmospheric chaoticity and complexity from radio refractivity derived from Akure station (Ogunsua et al , 2018) and
  • High-resolution tropospheric refractivity fields by combining machine . . .
    Therefore, we can produce tropospheric delays (and thus refractivity fields) with very high temporal and spatial resolution simultaneously, without processing any GNSS data These outputs can be beneficial for low-cost GNSS receivers (to model their tropospheric effects), as well as to cross validate the estimated delays of permanent stations
  • Determination of radio wave propagation conditions in the atmosphere of . . .
    The results show that the minimum value of refractivity in months has a slight change at 40 N-units In 2018, January and May have a minimum value of refractivity at lower than other months, resulting in the minimum value of radio refractivity in 2018 is also lower than other years The maximum refractivity value between months has many variations
  • Distribution of radio refractivity gradient and effective earth radius . . .
    The data collected were used to compute radio refractivity, N and subsequently the refractivity gradient, dN dh and the effective Earth radius factor, k This study is similar to others done elsewhere with radiosonde data such as Bech et al (2000) and Mentes and Kaymaz (2007) , describing local propagation conditions as recommended by ITU





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