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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Dualism \Du"al*ism\, n. [Cf. F. dualisme.]
State of being dual or twofold; a twofold division; any
system which is founded on a double principle, or a twofold
distinction; as:
(a) (Philos.) A view of man as constituted of two original
and independent elements, as matter and spirit. (Theol.)
(b) A system which accepts two gods, or two original
principles, one good and the other evil.
(c) The doctrine that all mankind are divided by the
arbitrary decree of God, and in his eternal
foreknowledge, into two classes, the elect and the
reprobate.
(d) (Physiol.) The theory that each cerebral hemisphere acts
independently of the other.
[1913 Webster]

An inevitable dualism bisects nature, so that each
thing is a half, and suggests another thing to make
it whole. --Emerson.
[1913 Webster]