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saponin 皂草苷; 皂素; 皂甙 皂草□; 皂素; 皂□ saponin n 1: any of various plant glucosides that form soapy lathers when mixed and agitated with water; used in detergents and foaming agents and emulsifiers Saponin \Sap"o*nin\, n. [L. sapo, -onis soap: cf. F. saponine.]
(Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort ({Saponaria officinalis}), in the bark of soap bark ({Quillaja saponaria}), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which produces a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local anaesthesia. It is used as a detergent and for emulsifying oils. Formerly called also {struthiin}, {quillaiin}, {senegin}, {polygalic acid}, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type. [1913 Webster PJC]
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