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abortion 音标拼音: [əb'ɔrʃən] n. 流产,堕胎,失败,夭折 流产,堕胎,失败,夭折 abortion n 1: termination of pregnancy 2: failure of a plan [ synonym: { miscarriage}, { abortion}] Abortion \ A* bor" tion\ ([. a]* b[^ o] r" sh[ u^] n), n. [ L. abortio, fr. aboriri. See { Abort}.] 1. The act of giving premature birth; particularly, the expulsion of the human fetus prematurely, or before it is capable of sustaining life; miscarriage. [ 1913 Webster] 2. The immature product of an untimely birth; a fetus which has been delivered prematurely due to spontaneous or voluntary abortion, and is dead. [ 1913 Webster PJC] 3. ( Biol.) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. [ 1913 Webster] 4. Any fruit or produce that does not come to maturity, or anything which in its progress, before it is matured or perfect; a complete failure; as, his attempt proved an abortion. [ 1913 Webster] 5. the removal of a fetus from the womb prior to normal delivery in a manner such as to cause the death of the fetus; also called { voluntary abortion}, or when performed by a physician, { therapeutic abortion}. [ PJC] Note: In the 1913 Webster there was the following note appended to sense 1: [ hand] It is sometimes used for the offense of procuring a premature delivery, but strictly the early delivery is the abortion, " causing or procuring abortion" is the full name of the offense. -- Abbott. [ PJC] 6. something considered to be a repulsive or monstrous variant of a normal object; a monstrosity. [ PJC] ABORTION, med jur. and criminal law. The expulsion of the foetus before theseventh mouth of utero- gestation, or before it is viable. q. v. 2. The causes of this accident are referable either to the mother, orto the foetus and its dependencies. The causes in the mother may be: extremenervous susceptibility, great debility, plethora, faulty conformation, andthe like; and it is frequently induced immediately by intense mentalemotion. The causes seated in the foetus are its death, rupture of themembranes, & c. 3. It most frequently occurs between the 8th and 12th weeks ofgestation. When abortion is produced with a malicious design, it becomes amisdemeanor, at common law, 1 Russell, 553; and the party causing it may beindicted and punished. 4. The criminal means resorted to for the purpose of destroying thefoetus, may be divided into general and local. To the first belongvivisection, emetics, cathartics diuretics, emmenagogues & c. The secondembraces all kinds of violence directly applied. 5. When, in consequence of the means used to produce abortion, thedeath of the woman ensues, the crime is murder. 6. By statute a distinction is made between a woman quick with child, ( q. v.) and one who, though pregnant, is not so, 1 Bl. Com. 129. Physiologists, perhaps with reason, think that the child is a living beingfrom the moment of conception. 1 Beck. Med. Jur. 291. General References. 1 Beck, 288 to 331; and 429 to 435; where will befound an abstract of the laws of different countries, and some of the statespunishing criminal abortion; Roscoe, Cr. Ev. 190; 1 Russ. 553; Vilanova yManes, Materia Criminal Forense, Obs. 11, c. 7 n. 15- 18. See also 1 Briand, Med. Leg. 1 ere partie, c. 4, where the question is considered, how farabortion is justifiable, and is neither a crime nor a misdemeanor. See Alis. Cr. L. of Scot. 628. |
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