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codd    音标拼音: [k'ɑd]
v. 欺骗;愚弄

欺骗;愚弄


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  • Pathology Outlines - Dysplasia
    Presence or absence of dysplasia should be reported for biopsies from surveillance colonoscopies as follows (Hum Pathol 1983;14:931, Gut 2000;47:251): Negative for dysplasia Indefinite for dysplasia Low grade dysplasia High grade dysplasia Polypoid lesion within colitic mucosa, endoscopically resected: Colon (sigmoid), polypectomy:
  • Cervical dysplasia: Is it cancer? - Mayo Clinic
    No Cervical dysplasia isn't cancer The term means that cells that look different from typical cervical cells were found on the surface of the cervix Cervical dysplasia can range from mild to severe, depending on how different the cells look Dysplasia could go away on its own Or, over time, it could turn into cancer
  • Barretts esophagus - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
    No dysplasia, if Barrett's esophagus is present but no precancerous changes are found in the cells Low-grade dysplasia, if cells show small signs of precancerous changes High-grade dysplasia, if cells show many changes High-grade dysplasia is thought to be the final step before cells change into esophageal cancer Screening for Barrett's
  • Pathology Outlines - Barrett related dysplasia
    Atypia in Barrett esophagus dysplasia can be interpreted as negative for dysplasia, indefinite for dysplasia, low grade dysplasia and high grade dysplasia (WHO: Digestive System Tumours, 5th Edition, 2019, Hum Pathol 1988;19:166)
  • Pathology Outlines - Dysplasia
    Crypt dysplasia and serrated dysplasia are more recently described but are recognized subtypes in the World Health Organization gastrointestinal book Tubule neck or globoid dysplasia is the rare precursor lesion to poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma Intestinal type dysplasia: Similar morphology to colorectal adenomas Tubular architecture
  • Pathology Outlines - Dysplasia
    Gallbladder dysplasia can be difficult to reproducibly define, in particular low grade dysplasia (Histopathology 2021;79:2) Low grade dysplasia Elongated (pencillate) hyperchromatic nuclei that may show pseudostratification but still maintain basal polarity, with moderate N:C ratios Mucosal surface often remains flat High grade dysplasia
  • Pathology Outlines - Adenoma with invasive carcinoma
    Negative for lymphovascular space invasion Low tumor budding score Cauterized stalk margins negative for dysplasia or carcinoma Immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins will be reported in an addendum Comment: Tumor invades into submucosa at the head of the polyp (depth on invasion is 0 5 mm)
  • Pathology Outlines - Barrett esophagus
    Barrett mucosa, negative for dysplasia (see comment) Comment: Per 2016 ACG guidelines, the diagnosis of Barrett esophagus in this case is made owing to the presence of goblet cells, with the assumption that the biopsy is taken from distal esophagus and the mucosal irregularity extends to at least 1 cm above the top of the gastric folds
  • Pathology Outlines - Sessile serrated adenoma
    Nonconventional forms of dysplasia have also been described, including minimal deviation type (mild architectural and histologic changes, difficult to see on H E but shows loss of MLH1), serrated type (tightly packed glands with rounded dysplastic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm; MLH1 retained) and not otherwise specified (most common pattern
  • Pathology Outlines - Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia
    Cystic duct margin is negative for dysplasia Gallbladder, cholecystectomy: Chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis and focal low grade biliary intraepithelial lesion (BilIN) (see comment) Comment: The specimen is entirely submitted for microscopic examination No invasive carcinoma is identified Cystic duct margin is negative for dysplasia





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