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wrought 音标拼音: [r'ɔt] a. 制造的,形成的;(金属)锻的;精心制作的,精练的;
vbl. work的过去式和过去分词 制造的,形成的;(金属)锻的;精心制作的,精练的; work的过去式和过去分词 wrought adj 1: shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass ( as by work or effort); " a shaped handgrip"; " the molded steel plates"; " the wrought silver bracelet" [ synonym: { shaped}, { molded}, { wrought}] Work \ Work\ ( w[^ u] rk), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. { Worked} ( w[^ u] rkt), or { Wrought} ( r[ add] t); p. pr. & vb. n. { Working}.] [ AS. wyrcean ( imp. worthe, wrohte, p. p. geworht, gewroht); akin to OFries. werka, wirka, OS. wirkian, D. werken, G. wirken, Icel. verka, yrkja, orka, Goth. wa[' u] rkjan. [ root] 145. See { Work}, n.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. To exert one' s self for a purpose; to put forth effort for the attainment of an object; to labor; to be engaged in the performance of a task, a duty, or the like. [ 1913 Webster] O thou good Kent, how shall I live and work, To match thy goodness? -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you. -- Ex. v. 18. [ 1913 Webster] Whether we work or play, or sleep or wake, Our life doth pass. -- Sir J. Davies. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Hence, in a general sense, to operate; to act; to perform; as, a machine works well. [ 1913 Webster] We bend to that the working of the heart. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Hence, figuratively, to be effective; to have effect or influence; to conduce. [ 1913 Webster] We know that all things work together for good to them that love God. -- Rom. viii. 28. [ 1913 Webster] This so wrought upon the child, that afterwards he desired to be taught. -- Locke. [ 1913 Webster] She marveled how she could ever have been wrought upon to marry him. -- Hawthorne. [ 1913 Webster] 4. To carry on business; to be engaged or employed customarily; to perform the part of a laborer; to labor; to toil. [ 1913 Webster] They that work in fine flax . . . shall be confounded. -- Isa. xix. 9. [ 1913 Webster] 5. To be in a state of severe exertion, or as if in such a state; to be tossed or agitated; to move heavily; to strain; to labor; as, a ship works in a heavy sea. [ 1913 Webster] Confused with working sands and rolling waves. -- Addison. [ 1913 Webster] 6. To make one' s way slowly and with difficulty; to move or penetrate laboriously; to proceed with effort; -- with a following preposition, as down, out, into, up, through, and the like; as, scheme works out by degrees; to work into the earth. [ 1913 Webster] Till body up to spirit work, in bounds Proportioned to each kind. -- Milton. [ 1913 Webster] 7. To ferment, as a liquid. [ 1913 Webster] The working of beer when the barm is put in. -- Bacon. [ 1913 Webster] 8. To act or operate on the stomach and bowels, as a cathartic. [ 1913 Webster] Purges . . . work best, that is, cause the blood so to do, . . . in warm weather or in a warm room. -- Grew. [ 1913 Webster] [ 1913 Webster] { To work at}, to be engaged in or upon; to be employed in. { To work to windward} ( Naut.), to sail or ply against the wind; to tack to windward. -- Mar. Dict. [ 1913 Webster]
Wrought \ Wrought\, imp. & p. p. of { Work}; as, What hath God wrought?. [ 1913 Webster] Note: In 1837, Samuel F. B. Morse, an American artist, devised a working electric telegraph, based on a rough knowledge of electrical circuits, electromagnetic induction coils, and a scheme to encode alphabetic letters. He and his collaborators and backers campaigned for years before persuading the federal government to fund a demonstration. Finally, on May 24, 1844, they sent the first official long- distance telegraphic message in Morse code, " What hath God wrought," through a copper wire strung between Washington, D. C., to Baltimore, Maryland. The phrase was taken from the Bible, Numbers 23: 23. It had been suggested to Morse by Annie Ellworth, the young daughter of a friend. -- Library of Congress, American Memories series ( http:// memory. loc. gov/ ammem/ today/ may24. html). [ PJC] Alas that I was wrought [ created]! -- Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster] Note: The word wrought is sometimes assumed to be the past tense of wreak, as the phrases { wreak havoc} and { wrought havoc} are both commonly used. In fact, { wrought havoc} is not as common as { wreaked havoc}. Whether wrought is considered as the past tense of wreak or of work, { wrought havoc} has essentially the same meaning, encouraging the confusion. Etymologically, however, wrought is only the past tense of work. [ PJC] Wrought and wreaked havoc Recently, we mentioned that something had wreaked havoc with our PC. We were fairly quickly corrected by someone who said, " Shouldn' t that be wrought havoc?" The answer is no, because either wreaked or wrought is fine here. A misconception often arises because wrought is wrongly assumed to be the past participle of wreak. In fact wrought is the past participle of an early version of the word work! Wreak comes from Old English wrecan " drive out, punish, avenge", which derives ultimately from the Indo- European root * wreg- " push, shove, drive, track down". Latin urgere " to urge" comes from the same source, giving English urge. Interestingly, wreak is also related to wrack and wreck. The phrase wreak havoc was first used by Agatha Christie in 1923. Wrought, on the other hand, arose in the 13th century as the past participle of wirchen, Old English for " work". In the 15th century worked came into use as the past participle of work, but wrought survived in such phrases as finely- wrought, hand- wrought, and, of course, wrought havoc . . . . Havoc, by the way, comes from Anglo- French havok, which derived from the phrase crier havot " to cry havoc". This meant " to give the army the order to begin seizing spoil, or to pillage". It is thought that this exclamation was Germanic in origin, but that' s all that anyone will say about it! The destruction associated with pillaging came to be applied metaphorically to havoc, giving the word its current meaning. -- The Institute for Etymological Research and Education ( http:// www. takeourword. com/ Issue048. html) [ PJC]
Wrought \ Wrought\, a. 1. Worked; elaborated; not rough or crude. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Shaped by beating with a hammer; as, wrought iron. [ PJC] { Wrought iron}. See under { Iron}. [ 1913 Webster]
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