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perturbation 音标拼音: [p ,ɚtɚb'eʃən] 扰动 扰动 perturbation扰动 perturbation n 1: an unhappy and worried mental state; " there was too much anger and disturbance"; " she didn' t realize the upset she caused me" [ synonym: { disturbance}, { perturbation}, { upset}] 2: ( physics) a secondary influence on a system that causes it to deviate slightly 3: activity that is a malfunction, intrusion, or interruption; " the term ` distress' connotes some degree of perturbation and emotional upset"; " he looked around for the source of the disturbance"; " there was a disturbance of neural function" [ synonym: { perturbation}, { disturbance}] 4: a disposition that is confused or nervous and upset [ synonym: { perturbation}, { fluster}] 5: the act of causing disorder [ synonym: { disruption}, { perturbation}] Perturbation \ Per` tur* ba" tion\, n. [ L. perturbatio: cf. F. perturbation.] 1. The act of perturbing, or the state of being perturbed; esp., agitation of mind. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Astron.) A disturbance in the regular elliptic or other motion of a heavenly body, produced by some force additional to that which causes its regular motion; as, the perturbations of the planets are caused by their attraction on each other. -- Newcomb. [ 1913 Webster] 235 Moby Thesaurus words for " perturbation": ado, aggravation, agitation, all- overs, angst, animation, anxiety, anxiety hysteria, anxiety neurosis, anxious bench, anxious concern, anxious seat, anxiousness, apprehension, apprehensiveness, arousal, arousing, baffle, bafflement, befuddlement, bewilderment, bluster, bobbery, boil, boiling, bother, botheration, brouhaha, bustle, cankerworm of care, care, chaos, chills of fear, churn, cloud, cold creeps, cold shivers, cold sweat, commotion, concern, concernment, confoundment, confusion, conturbation, convulsion, creeps, daze, derangement, dilemma, disarrangement, disarray, disarticulation, discombobulation, discomfiture, discomposure, disconcert, disconcertedness, disconcertion, disconcertment, disharmony, dishevelment, disintegration, disjunction, dislocation, disorder, disorderliness, disorganization, disorientation, disproportion, disquiet, disquietude, disruption, distress, disturbance, dread, ebullience, ebullition, eddy, effervescence, electrification, embarrassment, embroilment, enigma, entropy, exacerbation, exasperation, excitation, excitement, exhilaration, fear, fear and trembling, feery- fary, ferment, fermentation, fever, feverishness, fidgets, fix, flap, flummox, flurry, fluster, flutter, flutteration, fog, foment, fomentation, foreboding, forebodingness, frenzy, fuddle, fuddlement, fume, fuss, galvanization, goose bumps, gooseflesh, haphazardness, haze, heartquake, horripilation, hubbub, hurly- burly, hurry, hurry- scurry, incitement, incoherence, indiscriminateness, inflammation, infuriation, inharmonious harmony, inquietude, insanity, irregularity, irritation, jam, jimjams, jitters, jumble, jumpiness, lathering up, maelstrom, malaise, maze, mess, misarrangement, misgiving, mist, moil, most admired disorder, muddle, muddlement, mystery, nerviness, nervous tension, nervousness, nonplus, nonsymmetry, nonuniformity, overanxiety, palpitation, pell- mell, perplexity, pickle, pins and needles, plight, pother, predicament, problem, promiscuity, promiscuousness, provocation, pucker, puzzle, puzzlement, quaking, quandary, quiver of terror, randomness, restlessness, riddle, roil, rout, row, ruffle, scrape, seethe, seething, shivers, shuffle, shuffling, solicitude, steaming up, stew, stimulation, stimulus, stir, stirring, stirring up, strain, suspense, sweat, swirl, swirling, swivet, tension, thrill of fear, tizzy, to- do, trepidation, trepidity, trouble, tumult, tumultuation, turbidity, turbulence, turmoil, twitter, unassuredness, unease, uneasiness, unquietness, unrest, unsettlement, unsymmetry, ununiformity, uproar, upset, vexation, vortex, whipping up, whirl, working up, yeastiness, zeal
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