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notwithstanding    音标拼音: [n,ɑtwɪθst'ændɪŋ]
ad. 虽然,尽管
prep. 纵使
conj. 虽然

虽然,尽管纵使虽然

notwithstanding
adv 1: despite anything to the contrary (usually following a
concession); "although I'm a little afraid, however I'd
like to try it"; "while we disliked each other,
nevertheless we agreed"; "he was a stern yet fair
master"; "granted that it is dangerous, all the same I
still want to go" [synonym: {however}, {nevertheless},
{withal}, {still}, {yet}, {all the same}, {even so},
{nonetheless}, {notwithstanding}]

Notwithstanding \Not`with*stand"ing\, adv. or conj. [Originally
the participle of withstand, with not prefixed.]
Nevertheless; however; although; as, I shall go,
notwithstanding it rains.
[1913 Webster]

I will surely rend the kingdom from thee, and will give
it to thy servant. Notwithstanding, in thy days I will
not do it. --1 Kings xi.
11, 12.
[1913 Webster]

They which honor the law as an image of the wisdom of
God himself, are, notwithstanding, to know that the
same had an end in Christ. --Hooker.
[1913 Webster]

You did wisely and honestly too, notwithstanding
She is the greatest beauty in the parish. --Fielding.
[1913 Webster]

{Notwithstanding that}, notwithstanding; although.
[1913 Webster]

These days were ages to him, notwithstanding that he
was basking in the smiles of the pretty Mary. --W.
Irving.
[1913 Webster]


Notwithstanding \Not`with*stand"ing\, prep.
Without prevention, or obstruction from or by; in spite of.
[1913 Webster]

We gentil women bee
Loth to displease any wight,
Notwithstanding our great right. --Chaucer's
Dream.
[1913 Webster]

Those on whom Christ bestowed miraculous cures were so
transported that their gratitude made them,
notwithstanding his prohibition, proclaim the wonders
he had done. --Dr. H. More.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Notwithstanding was, by Johnson and Webster, viewed as
a participle absolute, an English equivalent of the
Latin non obstante. Its several meanings, either as
preposition, adverb, or conjunction, are capable of
being explained in this view. Later grammarians, while
admitting that the word was originally a participle,
and can be treated as such, prefer to class it as a
preposition or disjunctive conjunction.
[1913 Webster]

Syn: In spite of; despite.

Usage: {Notwithstanding}, {In spite of}, {Despite}. Of these,
only notwithstanding can be used postpositively; as, I
will go, the weather notwithstanding. With respect to
meaning, these words and phrases are often
interchanged, but there is a difference between them,
chiefly in strength. Notwithstanding is the weaker
term, and simply points to some obstacle that may
exist; as, I shall go, notwithstanding the rain. In
spite or despite of has reference primarily to active
opposition to be encountered from others; as, "I'll
be, in man's despite, a monarch; " "I'll keep mine
own, despite of all the world." --Shak. Hence, these
words, when applied to things, suppose greater
opposition than notwithstanding. We should say. "He
was thrust rudely out of doors in spite of his
entreaties," rather than "notwithstanding". On the
other hand, it would be more civil to say,
"Notwithstanding all you have said, I must still
differ with you."
[1913 Webster PJC]



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