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idiot 音标拼音: ['ɪdiət] n. 白痴,极蠢之人 白痴,极蠢之人 idiot n 1: a person of subnormal intelligence [ synonym: { idiot}, { imbecile}, { cretin}, { moron}, { changeling}, { half- wit}, { retard}] Idiot \ Id" i* ot\ ([ i^] d"[ i^]*[ o^] t), n. [ F. idiot, L. idiota an uneducated, ignorant, ill- informed person, Gr. ' idiw` ths, also and orig., a private person, not holding public office, fr. ' i` dios proper, peculiar. See { Idiom}.] 1. A man in private station, as distinguished from one holding a public office. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] St. Austin affirmed that the plain places of Scripture are sufficient to all laics, and all idiots or private persons. -- Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster] 2. An unlearned, ignorant, or simple person, as distinguished from the educated; an ignoramus. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] Christ was received of idiots, of the vulgar people, and of the simpler sort, while he was rejected, despised, and persecuted even to death by the high priests, lawyers, scribes, doctors, and rabbis. -- C. Blount. [ 1913 Webster] 3. A human being destitute of the ordinary intellectual powers, whether congenital, developmental, or accidental; commonly, a person without understanding from birth; a natural fool. In a former classification of mentally retarded people, idiot designated a person whose adult level of intelligence was equivalent to that of a three- year old or younger; this corresponded with an I. Q. level of approximately 25 or less. [ 1913 Webster PJC] Life . . . is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 4. A fool; a simpleton; -- a term of reproach. [ 1913 Webster] Weenest thou make an idiot of our dame? -- Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster] 100 Moby Thesaurus words for " idiot": alcoholic, aliene, alternating personality, ament, antisocial personality, ass, bedlamite, borderline case, born fool, clot, congenital idiot, crackbrain, crackpot, cretin, defective, dement, demoniac, disordered personality, disturbed personality, donkey, double personality, drug user, dual personality, dullard, dullhead, dumbbell, dummkopf, dummy, emotionally unstable personality, energumen, escapist, fanatic, flake, fou, golem, half- wit, hostile personality, hypochondriac, hypochondriast, ignoramus, imaginary invalid, imbecile, immature personality, inadequate personality, inferior personality, jackass, jerk, jester, juggins, kook, loon, loony, lunatic, madman, malade imaginaire, maladjusted personality, maniac, mentally defective personality, meshuggenah, mongoloid idiot, moral insanity, moron, motley, multiple personality, natural, natural idiot, natural- born fool, neuropath, neurotic, neurotic personality, nincompoop, ninny, noncompos, nut, paranoid personality, perverse personality, phrenetic, psychoneurotic, psychopath, psychopathic personality, psychotic, psychotic personality, raving lunatic, schizoid, schizoid personality, screwball, seclusive personality, sexual psychopath, shut- in personality, simp, simpleton, sociopath, split personality, stupid, tomfool, valetudinarian, valetudinary, weak personality, weirdo, zanyIDIOT, Persons. A person who has been without understanding from his nativity, and whom the law, therefore, presumes never likely to attain any. Shelf. on Lun. 2. 2. It is an imbecility or sterility of mind, and not a perversion of the understanding. Chit. Med. Jur. 345, 327, note s; 1 Russ. on Cr. 6; Bac. Ab. h. t. A; Bro. Ab. h. t.; Co. Litt. 246, 247; 3 Mod. 44; 1 Vern. 16; 4 Rep. 126; 1 Bl. Com. 302. When a man cannot count or number twenty, nor tell his father' s or mother' s name, nor how old he is, having been frequently told of it, it is a fair presumption that, he is devoid of understanding. F. N. B. 233. Vide 1 Dow, P. C. now series, 392; S. C. 3 Bligh, R. new series, 1. Persons born deaf, dumb, and blind, are, presumed to be idiots, for the senses being the only inlets of knowledge, and these, the most important of them, being closed, all ideas and associations belonging to them are totally excluded from their minds. Co. Litt. 42 Shelf. on Lun. 3. But this is a mere presumption, which, like most others, may be rebutted; and doubtless a person born deaf, dumb, and blind, who could be taught to read and write, would not be considered an idiot. A remarkable instance of such an one may be found in the person of Laura Bridgman, who has been taught how to converse and even to write. This young woman was, in the year 1848, at school at South Boston. Vide Locke on Human Understanding, B. 2 c. 11, Sec. 12, 13; Ayliffe' s Pand. 234; 4 Com. Dig. 610; 8 Com. Dig. 644. 3. Idiots are incapable of committing crimes, or entering into contracts. They cannot of course make a will; but they may acquire property by descent. Vide, generally, 1 Dow' s Parl. Cas. new series, 392; 3 Bligh' s R. 1; 19 Ves. 286, 352, 353; Stock on the Law of Non Compotes Mentis; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t. |
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