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condition 音标拼音: [kənd'ɪʃən] n. 条件,状况,情况,地位
v. 调节,制约,以…为条件 条件,状况,情况,地位调节,制约,以…为条件 condition双值条件
condition条件; 逻辑条件
conditionON条件; 接通条件 condition条件 情况 condition n 1: a state at a particular time; " a condition ( or state) of disrepair"; " the current status of the arms negotiations" [ synonym: { condition}, { status}] 2: an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else [ synonym: { condition}, { precondition}, { stipulation}] 3: a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing; " the human condition" 4: information that should be kept in mind when making a decision; " another consideration is the time it would take" [ synonym: { circumstance}, { condition}, { consideration}] 5: the state of ( good) health ( especially in the phrases ` in condition' or ` in shape' or ` out of condition' or ` out of shape') [ synonym: { condition}, { shape}] 6: an illness, disease, or other medical problem; " a heart condition"; " a skin condition" 7: ( usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement; " the contract set out the conditions of the lease"; " the terms of the treaty were generous" [ synonym: { condition}, { term}] 8: the procedure that is varied in order to estimate a variable' s effect by comparison with a control condition [ synonym: { condition}, { experimental condition}] v 1: establish a conditioned response 2: develop ( children' s) behavior by instruction and practice; especially to teach self- control; " Parents must discipline their children"; " Is this dog trained?" [ synonym: { discipline}, { train}, { check}, { condition}] 3: specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement; " The will stipulates that she can live in the house for the rest of her life"; " The contract stipulates the dates of the payments" [ synonym: { stipulate}, { qualify}, { condition}, { specify}] 4: put into a better state; " he conditions old cars" 5: apply conditioner to in order to make smooth and shiny; " I condition my hair after washing it" Condition \ Con* di" tion\, n. [ F., fr. L. conditio ( better condicio) agreement, compact, condition; con- a root signifying to show, point out, akin to dicere to say, dicare to proclaim, dedicate. See { Teach}, { Token}.] 1. Mode or state of being; state or situation with regard to external circumstances or influences, or to physical or mental integrity, health, strength, etc.; predicament; rank; position, estate. [ 1913 Webster] I am in my condition A prince, Miranda; I do think, a king. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] And O, what man' s condition can be worse Than his whom plenty starves and blessings curse? -- Cowley. [ 1913 Webster] The new conditions of life. -- Darwin. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Essential quality; property; attribute. [ 1913 Webster] It seemed to us a condition and property of divine powers and beings to be hidden and unseen to others. -- Bacon. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Temperament; disposition; character. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] The condition of a saint and the complexion of a devil. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 4. That which must exist as the occasion or concomitant of something else; that which is requisite in order that something else should take effect; an essential qualification; stipulation; terms specified. [ 1913 Webster] I had as lief take her dowry with this condition, to be whipped at the high cross every morning. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] Many are apt to believe remission of sins, but they believe it without the condition of repentance. -- Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster] 5. ( Law) A clause in a contract, or agreement, which has for its object to suspend, to defeat, or in some way to modify, the principal obligation; or, in case of a will, to suspend, revoke, or modify a devise or bequest. It is also the case of a future uncertain event, which may or may not happen, and on the occurrence or non- occurrence of which, the accomplishment, recission, or modification of an obligation or testamentary disposition is made to depend. -- Blount. Tomlins. Bouvier. Wharton. [ 1913 Webster] { Equation of condition}. ( Math.) See under { Equation}. { On condition} or { Upon condition} ( that), used for { if} in introducing conditional sentences. " Upon condition thou wilt swear to pay him tribute . . . thou shalt be placed as viceroy under him." -- Shak. { Conditions of sale}, the terms on which it is proposed to sell property by auction; also, the instrument containing or expressing these terms. Syn: State; situation; circumstances; station; case; mode; plight; predicament; stipulation; qualification; requisite; article; provision; arrangement. See { State}. [ 1913 Webster]
Condition \ Con* di" tion\, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. { Conditioned}; p. pr. & vb. n. { Conditioning}.] 1. To make terms; to stipulate. [ 1913 Webster] Pay me back my credit, And I' ll condition with ye. -- Beau. & Fl. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Metaph.) To impose upon an object those relations or conditions without which knowledge and thought are alleged to be impossible. [ 1913 Webster] To think of a thing is to condition. -- Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster]
Condition \ Con* di" tion\, v. t. [ Cf. LL. conditionare. See { Condition}, n.] 1. To invest with, or limit by, conditions; to burden or qualify by a condition; to impose or be imposed as the condition of. [ 1913 Webster] Seas, that daily gain upon the shore, Have ebb and flow conditioning their march. -- Tennyson. [ 1913 Webster] 2. To contract; to stipulate; to agree. [ 1913 Webster] It was conditioned between Saturn and Titan, that Saturn should put to death all his male children. -- Sir W. Raleigh. [ 1913 Webster] 3. ( U. S. Colleges) To put under conditions; to require to pass a new examination or to make up a specified study, as a condition of remaining in one' s class or in college; as, to condition a student who has failed in some branch of study. [ 1913 Webster] 4. To test or assay, as silk ( to ascertain the proportion of moisture it contains). -- McElrath. [ 1913 Webster] 358 Moby Thesaurus words for " condition": abate, ability, abnormality, acclimate, acclimatize, accommodate, accustom, acute disease, adapt, adjust, adjust to, affairs, affection, affliction, ailment, allergic disease, allergy, alter, apprentice, assuage, atrophy, attach a condition, attune, bacterial disease, bearings, beat into, birth defect, blight, bound, boundary condition, box in, brainwash, break, break in, breed, bring up, capability, capacitate, capacity, cardiovascular disease, case, case harden, caste, catch, catechize, character, chronic disease, circulatory disease, circumscribe, circumstance, circumstances, class, clause, cobble, commission, competence, competency, complaint, complication, concerns, condition of things, conditions, confine, confirm, congenital defect, conjuncture, contain, contingency, copyright, cultivate, darn, dealings, defect, deficiency disease, deformity, degenerative disease, demand, develop, diminish, disability, discipline, disease, disorder, distemper, do up, doctor, doings, domesticate, domesticize, donnee, draw the line, drill, echelon, educate, enable, endemic, endemic disease, endocrine disease, environment, epidemic disease, equip, escalator clause, escape clause, escape hatch, establish, estate, event, eventuality, exception, exemption, exercise, familiarize, fetch up, fettle, fine print, fit, fit out, fit up, fitness, fittedness, fix, fix up, footing, form, foster, functional disease, fungus disease, furnish, gastrointestinal disease, genetic disease, gentle, get ready, given, goings- on, groom, grounds, habituate, handicap, harden, have a catch, have a joker, health, hedge, hedge about, hereditary disease, hierarchy, house- train, housebreak, iatrogenic disease, ill, illness, imbue, implant, impregnate, impress, improve, incident, inculcate, indisposition, indoctrinate, infectious disease, infirmity, infix, influence, infuse, inoculate, insist upon, instill, inure, jam, joker, juncture, kicker, kilter, leaven, life, limit, limitation, limiting condition, location, lot, make conditional, make contingent, make ready, malady, malaise, march of events, mastery, matters, maturity, mend, mitigate, modality, mode, moderate, modification, modify, modulate, morbidity, morbus, mould, muscular disease, must, narrow, naturalize, necessity, neurological disease, nurse, nurture, nutritional disease, obligation, occasion, occupational disease, occurrence, order, organic disease, orient, orientate, outfit, overhaul, palliate, pandemic disease, parameter, part, pass, patch, patch up, patent, pathological condition, pathology, persuade, pickle, place, plant disease, plight, position, posture, power structure, practice, precedence, predicament, prepare, preparedness, prerequisite, proceedings, proficiency, program, protozoan disease, provision, provisions, proviso, psychosomatic disease, put in commission, put in order, put in repair, put in shape, put in trim, put in tune, put to school, qualification, qualify, quality, quarters, raise, rank, rate, rating, readiness, ready, rear, recap, recondition, reduce, register, regulate by, rehearse, relation, relations, repair, requirement, requisite, reservation, respiratory disease, restrain, restrict, restriction, retread, ripeness, rockiness, role, run of things, saving clause, scant, season, seasoning, secondary disease, seediness, send to school, service, set conditions, set limits, set to rights, sew up, shape, sickishness, sickness, signs, sine qua non, situation, small print, soften, specialize, specification, sphere, spot, stage, standing, state, state of affairs, station, status, stint, stipulate, stipulation, straiten, string, strings, suit, suitability, suitableness, suitedness, symptomatology, symptomology, symptoms, syndrome, take in hand, tame, teach, temper, tempering, term, terms, the pip, the times, the world, tinker, tinker up, train, trim, tune, ultimatum, urogenital disease, virus disease, wasting disease, what happens, whereas, wont, worm diseaseCONDITION, contracts, wills. In its most extended signification, a condition is a clause in a contract or agreement which has for its object to suspend, to rescind, or to modify the principal obligation; or in case of a will, to suspend, revoke, or modify the devise or bequest. 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 730. It ii in fact by itself, in many cases, an agreement; and a sufficient foundation as an agreement in writing, for a bill in equity, praying for a specific performance. 2 Burr. 826. In pleading, according to the course of the common law, the bond and its condition are to some intents and purposes, regarded as distinct things. 1 Saund. Rep. by Wms. 9 b. Domat has given a definition of a condition, quoted by Hargrave, in these words: " A condition is any portion or agreement which regulates what the parties have a mind should be done, if a case they foresee should come to pass." Co. Litt. 201 a. 2. Conditions sometimes suspend the obligation; as, when it is to have no effect until they are fulfilled; as, if I bind myself to pay you one thousand dollars on condition that the ship Thomas Jefferson shall arrive in the United States from Havre; the contract is suspended until the arrival of the ship. 3. The condition sometimes rescinds the contract; as, when I sell you my horse, on condition that he shall be alive on the first day of January, and he dies before that time. 4. A condition may modify the contract; as, if I sell you two thousand bushels of corn, upon condition that my crop shall produce that much, and it produces only fifteen hundred bushels. 5. In a less extended acceptation, but in a true sense, a condition is a future and uncertain event, on the existence or non- existence of which is made to depend, either the accomplishment, the modification, or the rescission of an obligation or testamentary disposition. 6. There is a marked difference between a condition and a limitation. When a in is given generally, but the gift may defeated upon the happening of an uncertain event, the latter is called a condition but when it is given to be enjoyed until the event arrives, it is a limitation. See Limitation; Estates. It is not easy to say when a condition will be considered a covenant and when not, or when it will be holden to be both. Platt on Cov. 71. 7. Events foreseen by conditions are of three kinds. Some depend on the acts of the persons who deal together, as, if the agreement should provide that a partner should not join another partnership. Others are independent of the will of the parties, as, if I sell you one thousand bushels of corn,. on condition that my crop shall not be destroyed by a fortuitous event, or act of God. Some depend in part on the contracting parties and partly on the act of God, as, if it be provided that such merchandise shall arrive by a certain day. 8. A condition may be created by inserting the very word condition, or on condition, in the deed or agreement; there are, however, other words that will do so as effectually, as proviso, if, & c. Bac. Ab. Conditions, A. 9. Conditions are of various kinds; 1. as to their form, they are express or implied. This division is of feudal origin. 2 Woodes. Lect. 138. 2. As to their object, they are lawful or unlawful; 3. as to the time when they are to take effect, they are precedent or subsequent; 4. as to their nature, they are possible or impossible 5. as to their operation, they are positive or negative; 6. is to their divisibility, they are copulative or disjunctive; 7. as to their agreement with the contract, they are consistent or repugnant; 8. as to their effect, they are resolutory or suspensive. These will be severally considered. 10. An express condition is one created by express words; as for instance, a condition in a lease that if the tenant shall not pay the rent at the day, the lessor may reenter. Litt. 328. Vide Reentry. 11. An implied condition is one created by law, and not by express words; for example, at common law, the tenant for life holds upon the implied condition not to commit waste. Co. Litt. 233, b. 12. A lawful or legal condition is one made in consonance with the law. This must be understood of the law as existing at the time of making the condition, for no change of the law can change the force of the condition. For example, a conveyance was made to the grantee, on condition that he should not aliens until be reached the age of twenty- five years. Before he acquired this age be aliened, and made a second conveyance after he obtained it; the first deed was declared void, and the last valid. When the condition was imposed, twenty- five was the age of majority in the state; it was afterwards changed to twenty- one. Under these circumstances the condition was held to be binding. 3 Miss., R. 40. 13. An unlawful or illegal condition is one forbidden by law. Unlawful conditions have for their object, 1st. to do something malum in se, or malum prohibitum; 2d. to omit the performance of some duty required by law 3d. to encourage such act or omission. 1 P. Wms. 189. When the law prohibits, in express terms, the transaction in respect to which the condition is made, and declares it void, such condition is then void; 3 Binn. R. 533; but when it is prohibited, without being declared void, although unlawful, it is not void. 12 S. @ R. 237. Conditions in restraint of marriage are odious, and are therefore held to the utmost rigor and strictness. They are contrary to sound policy, and by the Roman law were all void. 4 Burr. Rep. 2055; 10 Barr. 75, 350; 3 Whart. 575. 14. A condition precedent is one which must be performed before the estate will vest, or before the obligation is to be performed. 2 Dall. R. 317. Whether a condition shall be considered as precedent or subsequent, depends not on the form or arrangement of the words, but on the manifest intention of the parties, on the fair construction of the contract. 2 Fairf. R. 318; 5 Wend. R. 496; 3 Pet, R. 374; 2 John. R. 148; 2 Cain es, R. 352; 12 Mod. 464; 6 Cowen, R. 627 9 Wheat. R. 350; 2 Virg. Cas. 138 14 Mass. R. 453; 1 J. J. Marsh. R. 591 6 J. J. Marsh. R. 161; 2 Bibb, R. 547 6 Litt. R. 151; 4 Rand. R. 352; 2 Burr. 900 15. A subsequent condition is one which enlarges or defeats an estate or right, already created. A conveyance in fee, reserving a life estate in a part of the land, and made upon condition that the grantee shall pay certain sums of money at divers times to several persons, passes the fee upon condition subsequent. 6 Greenl. R. 106. See 1 Burr. 39, 43; 4 Burr. 1940. Sometimes it becomes of great importance to ascertain whether the condition is precedent or subsequent. When a precedent condition becomes impossible by the act of God, no estate or right vests; but if the condition is subsequent, the estate or right becomes absolute. Co. Litt. 206, 208; 1 Salk. 170. 16. A possible condition is one which may be performed, and there is nothing in the laws of nature to prevent its performance. 17. An impossible condition is one which cannot be accomplished according to the laws of nature; as, to go from the United States to Europe in one day.; such a condition is void. 1 Swift' s Dig. 93; 5 Toull. n. 242- 247. When a condition becomes impossible by the act of God, it either vests the estate, or does not, as it is precedent or subsequent: when it is the former, no estate vests when the latter, it becomes absolute. Co. Litt. 206, a, 218, a; 3 Pet. R. 374; 1 Hill. Ab. 249. When the performance of the condition becomes impossible by the act of the party who imposed it, the estate is rendered absolute. 5 Rep. 22; 3 Bro. Parl. Cas. 359. Vide 1 Paine' s R. 652; Bac. Ab. Conditions, M; Roll. Ab. 420; Co. Litt. 206; 1 Rop. Leg. 505; Swinb. pt. 4, s. 6; Inst. 2, 4, 10; Dig. 28, 7, 1; Id. 44, 7, 31; Code 6, 25, 1; 6 Toull. n. 486, 686 and the article Impossibility. 18. A positive condition requires that the event contemplated shall happen; as, If I marry. Poth. Ob. part 2, c. 3, art. 1, Sec. 1. 19. A negative condition requires that the event contemplated shall not happen as If I do not marry. Potb. Ob. n. 200. 20. A copulative condition, is one of several distinct- matters, the whole of which are made precedent to the vesting of an estate or right. In this case the entire condition must be performed, or the estate or right can never arise or take place. 2 Freem. 186. Such a condition differs from a disjunctive condition, which gives to the party the right to perform the one or the other; for, in this case, if one becomes impossible by the act of God, the whole will, in general, be excused. This rule, however, is not without exception. 1 B. & P. 242; Cro. Eliz. 780; 5 Co. 21; 1 Lord Raym. 279. Vide Conjunctive; Disjunctive. 21. A disjunctive condition is one which gives the party to be affected by it, the right to perform one or the other of two alternatives. 22. A consistent condition is one which agrees with other parts of the contract. 23. A repugnant condition is one which is contrary to the contract; as, if I grant to you a house and lot in fee, upon condition that you shall not aliene, the condition is repugnant and void, as being inconsistent with the estate granted. Bac. Ab. Conditions L; 9 Wheat. 325; 2 Ves. jr. 824. 24. A resolutory condition in the civil law is one which has for its object, when accomplished the revocation of the principal obligation. This condition does not suspend either the existence or the execution of the obligation, it merely obliges the creditor to return what he has received. 25. A suspensive condition is one which suspends the fulfilment of the obligation until it has been performed; as, if a man bind himself to pay one - hundred dollars, upon condition that the ship Thomas Jefferson shall arrive from Europe. The obligation, in this case, is suspended until the arrival of the ship, when the condition having been performed, the obligation becomes absolute, and it is no longer conditional. A suspensive condition is in fact a condition precedent. 26. Pothier further divides conditions into potestative, casual and mixed. 27. A potestative condition is that which is in the power of the person in whose favor it is contracted; as, if I engage to give my neighbor a sum of money, in case he outs down a tree which obstructs my. prospect. Poth. Obl. Pt. 2, c. 3, art. 1, Sec. 1. 28. A casual condition is one which depends altogether upon chance, and not in the power of the creditor, as the following: if I have children; if I have no children; if such a vessel arrives in the United States, & c. Poth. Ob. n. 201. 29. A mixed condition is one which depends on the will of the creditor and of a third person; as, if you marry my cousin. Poth. Ob. n. 201. Vide, generally, Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.
CONDITION, persons. The situation in civil society which creates certain relations between the individual, to whom it is applied, and one or more others, from which mutual rights and obligations arise. Thus the situation arising from marriage gives rise to the conditions of husband and wife that of paternity to the conditions of father and child. Domat, tom. 2, liv. 1, tit. 9, s. 1, n. 8. 2. In contracts every one is presume to know the condition of the person with whom he deals. A man making a contract with an infant cannot recover against him for a breach of the contract, on the ground that he was not aware of his condition.
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