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custom 音标拼音: [k'ʌstəm] v. 定制
n. 自定义
n. 习惯,风俗,海关 定制自定义习惯,风俗,海关 custom定制的 custom习惯 定制 海关 custom adj 1: made according to the specifications of an individual [ synonym: { custom- made}, { custom}] [ ant: { ready- made}] n 1: accepted or habitual practice [ synonym: { custom}, { usage}, { usance}] 2: a specific practice of long standing [ synonym: { custom}, { tradition}] 3: money collected under a tariff [ synonym: { customs}, { customs duty}, { custom}, { impost}] 4: habitual patronage; " I have given this tailor my custom for many years" Custom \ Cus" tom\, v. t. [ Cf. OF. costumer. Cf. { Accustom}.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. To make familiar; to accustom. [ Obs.] -- Gray. [ 1913 Webster] 2. To supply with customers. [ Obs.] -- Bacon. [ 1913 Webster]
Custom \ Cus" tom\, v. i. To have a custom. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] On a bridge he custometh to fight. -- Spenser. [ 1913 Webster]
Custom \ Cus" tom\, n. [ OF. coustume, F. coutume, tax, i. e., the usual tax. See 1st { Custom}.] 1. The customary toll, tax, or tribute. [ 1913 Webster] Render, therefore, to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom. -- Rom. xiii. 7. [ 1913 Webster] 2. pl. Duties or tolls imposed by law on commodities, imported or exported. [ 1913 Webster]
Custom \ Cus" tom\ ( k[ u^] s" t[ u^] m), n. [ OF. custume, costume, Anglo- Norman coustome, F. coutume, fr. ( assumed) LL. consuetumen custom, habit, fr. L. consuetudo, - dinis, fr. consuescere to accustom, verb inchoative fr. consuere to be accustomed; con- suere to be accustomed, prob. originally, to make one' s own, fr. the root of suus one' s own; akin to E. so, adv. Cf. { Consuetude}, { Costume}.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. Frequent repetition of the same act; way of acting common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice; usage; method of doing or living. [ 1913 Webster] And teach customs which are not lawful. -- Acts xvi. 21. [ 1913 Webster] Moved beyond his custom, Gama said. -- Tennyson. [ 1913 Webster] A custom More honored in the breach than the observance. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Habitual buying of goods; practice of frequenting, as a shop, manufactory, etc., for making purchases or giving orders; business support. [ 1913 Webster] Let him have your custom, but not your votes. -- Addison. [ 1913 Webster] 3. ( Law) Long- established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent; usage. See { Usage}, and { Prescription}. [ 1913 Webster] Note: Usage is a fact. Custom is a law. There can be no custom without usage, though there may be usage without custom. -- Wharton. [ 1913 Webster] 4. Familiar aquaintance; familiarity. [ Obs.] [ 1913 Webster] Age can not wither her, nor custom stale Her infinite variety. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] { Custom of merchants}, a system or code of customs by which affairs of commerce are regulated. { General customs}, those which extend over a state or kingdom. { Particular customs}, those which are limited to a city or district; as, the customs of London. Syn: Practice; fashion. See { Habit}, and { Usage}. [ 1913 Webster]
Custom \ Cus" tom\, v. t. To pay the customs of. [ Obs.] -- Marlowe. [ 1913 Webster] 212 Moby Thesaurus words for " custom": Mishnah, Spiritus Mundi, Sunna, Talmud, action, actions, activity, acts, address, affectation, air, ancient wisdom, archetypal myth, archetypal pattern, assembled, automatism, bad habit, bearing, behavior, behavior pattern, behavioral norm, behavioral science, bienseance, bon ton, built, business, canon, carriage, carriage trade, cast, characteristic, civility, clientage, clientele, common law, comportment, conduct, conformity, constructed, consuetude, convenance, convention, conventional usage, conventionalism, conventionality, correctness, crafted, created, creature of habit, culture pattern, custom- built, custom- made, customs, decency, decorousness, decorum, demeanor, deportment, doing, doings, dues, duty, especially, etiquette, excise, exclusively, expressly, extracted, fabricated, fashion, fashioned, fixture, folk motif, folklore, folktale, folkway, force of habit, forged, form, formality, formed, gathered, gestures, goings- on, good form, good name, goodwill, grown, guise, habit, habit pattern, habitude, handcrafted, handmade, harvested, haute couture, high fashion, homemade, homespun, immemorial usage, impost, institution, law, legend, levy, lore, machine- made, machined, made, made to order, maintien, man- made, manner, manners, manufactured, market, matter of course, method, methodology, methods, mien, milled, mined, mode, modus vivendi, mold, molded, motions, movements, moves, myth, mythology, observable behavior, particularly, patronage, pattern, peculiarity, poise, port, pose, posture, practice, praxis, precedent, precept, prefab, prefabricated, prescription, presence, prevailing taste, procedure, proceeding, processed, proper thing, propriety, public, purchasing public, put together, racial memory, raised, ready- for- wear, ready- formed, ready- made, ready- prepared, ready- to- wear, refined, repute, ritual, routine, rubric, rule, rural market, second nature, seemliness, shaped, smelted, social convention, social science, social usage, specially, stereotype, stereotyped behavior, stream of fashion, style, suburban market, support, swim, tactics, tailor- made, tariff, tax, to order, toll, tone, trade, tradition, traditionalism, traditionality, traffic, trend, trick, usage, use, vogue, way, way of life, ways, well- built, well- constructed, well- made, wont, youth market( Or " bespoke") An adjective describing any product that is
special in some way, individually created for a specific user
or system, as opposed to generic or off- the- shelf.
( 2008- 06- 25) Custom a tax imposed by the Romans. The tax- gatherers were termed publicans ( q. v.), who had their stations at the gates of cities, and in the public highways, and at the place set apart for that purpose, called the " receipt of custom" ( Matt. 9: 9; Mark 2: 14), where they collected the money that was to be paid on certain goods ( Matt. 17: 25). These publicans were tempted to exact more from the people than was lawful, and were, in consequence of their extortions, objects of great hatred. The Pharisees would have no intercourse with them ( Matt. 5: 46, 47; 9: 10, 11). A tax or tribute ( q. v.) of half a shekel was annually paid by every adult Jew for the temple. It had to be paid in Jewish coin ( Matt. 22: 17- 19; Mark 12: 14, 15). Money- changers ( q. v.) were necessary, to enable the Jews who came up to Jerusalem at the feasts to exchange their foreign coin for Jewish money; but as it was forbidden by the law to carry on such a traffic for emolument ( Deut. 23: 19, 20), our Lord drove them from the temple ( Matt. 21: 12: Mark 11: 15). CUSTOM. A usage which had acquired the force of law. It is, in fact, a lex loci, which regulates all local or real property within its limits. A repugnancy which destroys it, must be such as to show it never did exist. 5 T. R. 414. In Pennsylvania no customs have the force of law but those which prevail throughout the state. 6 Binn. 419, 20. 2. A custom derives its force from the tacit consent of the legislature and the people, and supposes an original, actual deed or agreement. 2 Bl. Com. 30, 31; 1 Chit. Pr. 283. Therefore, custom is the best interpreter of laws: optima est legum interpres consuetudo. Dig. 1, 8, 37; 2 Inst. 18. It follows, therefore, there; can be no custom in relation to a matter regulated by law. 8 M. R. 309. Law cannot be established or abrogated except by the sovereign will, but this will may be express or implied and presumed and whether it manifests itself by word or by a series of facts, is of little importance. When a custom is public, peaceable, uniform, general, continued, reasonable and certain, and has lasted " time whereof the memory of man runneth not to the contrary," it acquires the force of law. And when any doubts arise as to the meaning of a statute, the custom which has prevailed on the subject ought to have weight in its construction, for the manner in which a law has always been executed is one of its modes of interpretation. 4 Penn. St. Rep. 13. 3. Customs are general or, particular customs. 1. By general customs is meant the common law itself, by which proceedings and determinations in courts are guided. 2. Particular customs, are those which affect the inhabitants of some particular districts only. 1 Bl. Com. 68, 74. Vide 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 121 Bac. Ab. h. t.; 1 Bl. Com. 76; 2 Bl. Com. 31; 1 Lill. Reg. 516; 7 Vin. Ab. 164; Com. Dig. h. t.; Nelson' s Ab. h. t. the various Amer. Digs. h. t. Ayl. Pand. 15, 16; Ayl. Pareg. 194; Doct. Pl. 201; 3 W. C. C. R. 150; 1 Gilp. 486; Pet. C. C. R. 220; I Edw. Ch. R. 146; 1 Gall. R. 443; 3 Watts, R. 178; 1 Rep. Const. Ct. 303, 308; 1 Caines, R. 45; 15 Mass. R. 433; 1 Hill, R. 270; Wright, R. 573; 1 N. & M. 176; 5 Binn. R. 287; 5 Ham. R. 436; 3 Conn. R. 9; 2 Pet. R. 148; 6 Pet. R. 715; 6 Porter R. 123; 2 N. H. Rep. 93; 1 Hall, R. 612; 1 Harr. & Gill, 239; 1 N. S. 192; 4 L. R. 160; 7 L. R. 529; Id. 215.
CUSTOMS. This term is usually applied to those taxes which are payable upon goods and merchandise imported or exported. Story, Const. Sec. 949; Bac. Ab. Smuggling.
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